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Тест. Задание 1. Выберите правильный ответ. 1. Today polymers ______ to as materials of vital importance. a. refers b. are referred c. is referring 2. Much attention______now to the use of polymers because they have many desirable properties. a. is being paid b. is paid c. was paid 3. I _____ never_____to London. a. had visited b. was gone c. have been 4. Einstein was the physicist who_____ the theory of relativity. a. developed b. has developed c. had developed 5. Last year Kevin_____a car.
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Задание 1. Выберитеправильныйответ.
1. Today polymers ______ to as materials of vital importance.
a. refers b. are referred c. is referring
2. Much attention______now to the use of polymers because they have many desirable properties.
a. is being paid b. is paid c. was paid
3. I _____ never_____to London.
a. had visited b. was gone c. have been
4. Einstein was the physicist who_____ the theory of relativity.
a. developed b. has developed c. had developed
5. Last year Kevin_____a car.
a. buys b. bought c. has bought
6. When we were on holiday the weather _____ awful.
a. had been b. was c. is
7. You_____ have eaten so many sweets.
a. shouldn’t b. should c. might
8. I _____ swim until I was five years old.
a. couldn’t b. could c. can’t
9. You_____to do this task on time.
a. may b. have c. can
10. _____this law of mechanics one should know the theory well.
a. explaining b. to explain c. having explained
11. The plastics_____ in our laboratory will replace iron and its alloys.
a. to be produced b. was producing c. have been produced
12. When_____the article he uses no dictionary.
a. translates b. translating c. translated
13. Physics is a science_____ with phenomena of matter and energy.
a. deals b. dealing c. was dealing
14. The new instrument_____ in our laboratory will be used in radio engineering research.
a. designed b. designing c. being designed
15. Every atom contains small particles_____kinds of electricity.
a. carrying b. carried c. carry
16. _____ by young engineers the solar installations was used for melting metals
a. designed b. having been designed c. having designed
17. The power station_____ in our region will run on local coal.
a. built b. being built c. was built
18. A current_____through a conductor, a magnetic field is set up.
a. flowing b. flows c. having flown
19. The engine _____, the operator started it.
a. is tested b. was testing c. having been tasted
20. A sensitive receiver_____ , the electric oscillations could be detected successfully.
a. are built b. having built c. having been built
21. Other factors _____constant, the current is known to be directly proportional to conductivity.
a. be b. being c. having been
22. If we had used this new system of computation, we _____maximum use of the automation principle.
a. made b. were making c. should have made
Задание 2. Прочтите текст и выполните задания к тексту
MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS)
1. Interest in creating MEMS grew in the 1980s, but it took nearly two decades to establish the design and manufacturing infrastructure needed for their commercial development. One of the first products with a large market was the automobile air-bag controller, which combines inertia sensors to detect a crash and electronic control circuitry to deploy the air bag in response. In the late 1990s a new type of electronic projector was marketed that employed millions of micromirrors, each with its own electronic tilt control, to convert digital signals into images that rival the best traditional television displays.
2. Emerging products include mirror arrays for optical switching in telecommunications, semiconductor chips with integrated mechanical oscillators for radio-frequency applications (such as cellular telephones), and a broad range of biochemical sensors for use in manufacturing, medicine, and security.
3. A technical issue in MEMS fabrication concerns the order in which to build the electronic and mechanical components. High-temperature annealing is needed to relieve stress and warping of the polycrystalline-silicon layers, but it can damage any electronic circuits that have already been added. On the other hand, building the mechanical components first requires protecting these parts while the electronic circuitry is fabricated. Various solutions have been used, including burying the mechanical parts in shallow trenches prior to the electronics fabrication and then uncovering them afterward.
4. Barriers to further commercial penetration of MEMS include their cost compared with the cost of simpler technologies, nonstandardization of design and modeling tools, and the need for more reliable packaging. A current research focus is on exploring properties at nanometre dimensions for devices known as nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). These devices, however, become increasingly sensitive to any defects arising from their fabrication.
(http://www.britannica.com)
ЗАДАНИЕ N 1
Are the following statement true, false or no information about it:
Interest in creating MEMS appeared on in the late 1990s.
· false
· true
· no information
ЗАДАНИЕ N 2
Are the following statement true, false or no information about it:
The order in which the electronic and mechanical components should be built is a technical issue in MEMS fabrication.
· false
· true
· no information
ЗАДАНИЕ N 3
Are the following statement true, false or no information about it:
Another early application for MEMS was in inkjet printheads.
· false
· true
· no information
ЗАДАНИЕ N 4
Are the following statement true, false or no information about it:
The nanoelectromechanical systems are sensitive to defects arising from their fabrication.
· false
· true
· no information
ЗАДАНИЕ N 5
Укажите, какойчаститекста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствуетследующаяинформация:
MEMS can be used to develop products that are useful in many spheres of people’s lives.
· 1
· 2
· 3
· 4
ЗАДАНИЕ N 6
.
Укажите, какойчаститекста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствуетследующаяинформация:
Even though the interest in creating MEMS grew in 1980s, their commercial use and development started much later.
· 2
· 4
· 3
· 1
ЗАДАНИЕ N 7
Ответьтенавопрос:
What are the barriers to the further commercial expansion of MEMS?
· The lack of research and the absence of funding are the main obstacles.
· The cost of MEMS, nonstandardization of design and modeling tools, and the need for more reliable packaging are the obstacles in the way of the further commercial penetration of MEMS.
· The question of order in which to build the electronic and mechanical components and the need for more reliable packaging are the barriers that stop the further commercial penetration of MEMS.
· The only barrier to the further commercial penetration of MEMS is their high cost.
ЗАДАНИЕ N 8
Определите основную идею текста
· The only problem concerning MEMS is the technical issue of fabrication.
· Humanity cannot survive without MEMS technologies.
· MEMS technologies are useful in many aspects, but there are still some problems in both production and commercial expansion.
MEMS are very easily produced, but not commercially effective
Фрагмент работы
Задание 1. Выберитеправильныйответ.
1. Today polymers ______ to as materials of vital importance.
a. refers b. are referred c. is referring
