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контрольная работа: What is management? Exercise 1. Read and translate the text and find out: 1. What is management? 2. What are the tasks which are generic to all management jobs? What is management? Management has as many definitions as there are managers. Many people consider it to be an art of how to motivate people to give off their best. Others think that management is a science. In practice business management is the art and science of getting things done through other people. 2:Business Environment Exercise 1. Read and translate the text and find out: 1. What are the main vari
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Контрольная работа по дисциплине «Английский язык» 1 семестр для направления 080400.62
(все задания выполняются письменно).
Тема 1: What is management?
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text and find out:
1. What is management?
2. What are the tasks which are generic to all management jobs?
3. What are the basic types of management?
4. What is organization?
5. What are the levels of management in the organization?
6. What are the changes taking place in the transition from the role of specialist to the role of manager?
7. What is a successful team?
What is management?
Management has as many definitions as there are managers. Many people consider it to be an art of how to motivate people to give off their best. Others think that management is a science. In practice business management is the art and science of getting things done through other people.
There are 5 kinds of tasks which are generic to all management jobs. They are planning, organizing, coordinating, directing and controlling. Any managerial system at any managerial level is characterized in terms of these general functions. There are different types of management, the most important of them are production management, financial management, human resources management, marketing management. But management also includes the personnel who have the right to make decisions that influence company's affairs. Organization is the means by which management organizes achieving company's goals.
There are three management levels in the organization: top management middle management and operating management or first level management. Top management includes the president, vice-presidents and general manager. Middle management includes department managers, plant managers, and production superintendents. Operating management includes supervisors, foremen, etc.
Moving into managerial role involves making changes from the way you perform as a specialist. It is the transition from "doing the job" to "an uncertain supervisory role"; from "using technical skills" to "placing emphasis on people"; from "doing delegated tasks" to "having to delegate them to other people"; from "controlling the output" to "being judged on the output and quality".
Any manager can be successful only if he has his own team. Successful teams have several things in common. Here are 8 characteristics, which will help you to analyze the "health" of the team. They are as follows:
1. A mission.
2. Common objectives.
3. Interdependence of members.
4. An effective relationship to the environment.
5. A decision-making system.
6. Well motivated members.
7. An effective leader.
8. Well-organized, effective meetings.
If you want to be a successful manager, try to use all the above mentioned ideas in practical work.
Exercise 2. Read the text once again and find key words in every passage.
Exercise 3. Read every passage once again and express its contents in one sentence.
Тема 2:Business Environment
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text and find out:
1. What are the main variables which influence business operation?
2. How can the owners be characterized?
3. Where can the companies borrow funds?
4. What are the main groups of suppliers?
5. Who looks after employees' interests?
6. What is consumer?
7. How are links between government and businesses realized?
8. What are the main characteristics of competitors?
Business environment
All types of businesses in Australia exist within an economic and social framework. This frame work includes a number of different variables which influence business operations.
Look at these influences:
OWNERS
This group of people or organizations usually have the following characteristics:
• they initially fund and set the business up;
• they are risk-takers or entrepreneurs who believe that the prospects of future profits are greater than the risk of losses;
• they are sole proprietors, members of partnership, or shareholders in a company;
• they manage the enterprise themselves or employ managers to run the business for them.
LENDERS
Most businesses borrow funds from third parties such as banks and finance companies. Such arrangements are usually direct loans to the business, often secured by a mortgage. Banks also make overdraft facilities available to most businesses.
SUPPLIERS
Many types of businesses purchase goods from suppliers and resell them to their customers, either as they are, or after combining or altering them (i.e. acting as wholesalers/retailers, or manufacturers). Such purchases and sales are made on a credit or cash basis.
EMPLOYEES
Employees offer businesses necessary skills and expertise. They expect to be paid accordingly. Their interests, often looked after by trade unions or professional associations, increasingly cover wider areas than pure financial rewards. Hence the costs and benefits of employees have considerable effect on the business and require careful considerations by management.
Employees may also act as managers of the business. In this role they should act in its best interests. Financial information will be necessary to help them to do this.
GOVERNMENT AND COMMUNITY
Businesses must have an awareness of legal and social requirements if they are to remain in existence. Taxation is a major factor. A business must act as a tax collector for government by withholding tax from employees, and, if set up as a company, must pay taxation itself. Federal, state, and local government bodies all have various regulations which business are expected to adhere to.
CONSUMERS
Consumers are the customers or clients of the business, those people or organizations who are prepared to buy, on cash or credit terms, the goods or services the business is offering.
COMPETITORS
Other organizations in the same industry selling similar products will have considerable effect on the ability of a business to survive. Competitors both in terms of price and quality must be taken into account by business managers. Gross profit margins (i.e. difference between cost and selling price of items) are influenced by competition in the market place.
Exercise 2. Read the text once again and define which variables belong to the external environment and which of them belong to the internal environment.
Exercise 3. Read the text once again, and express the contents of every passage in once sentence.
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