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контрольная работа: 1. Заполни пропуски, вставив правильную форму глагола в скобках в Present Simple. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1) Usually I … to the Institute by bus. 2) We … not write letters very often. 3) It often … in autumn in St. Petersburg. 4) My brother … a very good specialist. 5) Larry … to eat a lot. 6) Carl …. a lot of friends in Russia. 7) … he smoke? - No. He … not. 8) My mother … up very early every day. 9) My parents
2014
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Содержание
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 2
Вариант 1
1. Заполни пропуски, вставив правильную форму глагола в скобках в PresentSimple. Переведитепредложениянарусскийязык.
1) Usually I … to the Institute by bus.
2) We … not write letters very often.
3) It often … in autumn in St. Petersburg.
4) My brother … a very good specialist.
5) Larry … to eat a lot.
6) Carl …. a lot of friends in Russia.
7) … he smoke? - No. He … not.
8) My mother … up very early every day.
9) My parents … newspapers regularly.
2. Ответьтенавопросы, используя Present PerfectTense. Подчеркнитеглаголв Present Perfect Tense.
Образец
|
Have you been to the Mining Institute today? Who has already done Exercise II? |
Yes, I have. I’ve been there for 7 hours.
Everybody has done it. |
1) Have you already had your dinner?
2) How many classes, seminars and lectures have you had today?
3) What interesting TV programs have you seen this week?
4) To what museums, cinemas, theatres or concert halls have you been this month?
5) Who has passed the exams with excellent marks in your group?
6) Where have you just come back from?
7) You have been late for the first lecture, haven’t you?
3. Ответьте на вопросы, используя PastSimpleTense. Подчеркните глагол в PastSimpleTense.
Образец
|
Were you busy yesterday? Who didn’t attend the lecture yesterday? |
Yes, I was. Mike and Helen didn’t. They were ill.
|
1) Did you get up early yesterday?
2) Did you go to the country last summer?
3) In what subjects did you take exams before you entered the Institute?
4) When did you become a student?
5) When did you see the dean of your department last?
6) When were you born?
7) Where were you last winter?
8) How many books did you read last year?
9) Who was the first to come to the Institute yesterday?
4. Напишите предложения в форме вопроса. Используйте в качестве подлежащего слова и словосочетания из скобок. Подчеркните вспомогательный и смысловой глагол в вашем вопросе.
Образец
|
Come back home late yesterday (you). |
Did you come back home late yesterday? |
1) Go to the picture gallery (your friend)
2) Send a telegram (she)
3) Pay the bus fare (you)
4) Win the game (the Zenith football team)
5) Receive a bonus (your colleagues)
6) Calculate fast (the computer)
7) Stay long at the Institute (the monitor of the group)
5. Прочитайте и напишите перевод данных предложений на русском языке.
1. When I came home, everyone had gone to the office.
2. When we arrived at the theatre, the opera had already begun.
3. The plane had safely landed by 9 o’clock.
4. How long had you known him before you hired him?
5. I had never seen her before. She was unknown to me.
6. Прочтите текст. Переведите письменно 1 абзац текста на русский язык.
The hole in the ozone layer
Discovery of the hole in the ozone layer showed that human activity has a major impact on the Earth. The damage of ozone in the stratosphere high above the planet’s surface has been brought about as the result of the widespread use of chemicals, which under normal conditions are chemically inert and harmless. Ozone occurs at all levels in the atmosphere, but most of it is found in the stratosphere, between about 15-50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, where it plays a very important role. Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun. Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things - plants, animals and people. Whereas small doses result in nothing worse than sunburn, larger amounts may cause cataracts or skin cancer, and can affect the growth of plants.
The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine. Large amounts of gas called CFCs were produced in twentieth century for use in everyday appliances like fridges, aerosol spray cans, and fire extinguishers. At ground level, these compounds are chemically non-reactive. However they are carried on wind systems up into the high atmosphere, where the ozone layer is. CFCs can be broken up by the intense sunlight, but before their destruction CFCs gases become reactive and damage the ozone layer.
The hole in the ozone layer is formed over the Antarctic continent each spring. During the long dark Antarctic winter, the atmosphere becomes colder than anywhere else on the Earth. Strong winds enclose the cold air above the Antarctic, allowing ice clouds to form. The ice crystals provide the sites where chlorine reacts with ozone when sunlight returns in the spring, and results in the ozone hole. In early summer, the ozone hole mixes with the rest of the air mass of the stratosphere. Over the past years, the concentrations of chlorine in the atmosphere have been steadily increasing, and as a result - more ozone has been destroyed.
Ozone itself is a useful protective layer high above our heads, but in the cities is pollutant agent. The CFCs have other effects too. As well as contributing to the breakdown of ozone, CFCs are also very effective in providing «greenhouse effect», contributing to a gradual warming of the atmosphere. However, the possible change in climate resulting from increases in various greenhouse gases might actually make the stratosphere colder, not warmer.
Governments of many countries agreed in 1987 to the Montreal Protocol in an effort to reduce the amount of CFCs, and so protect the ozone layer. Since then, more countries have signed it, and more substances included for control. As a result, the amount of chlorine and bromine in the atmosphere is decreasing. With less chlorine in the atmosphere the ozone hole should become smaller, and eventually close up, but it might take 20-30 years.
(перевод первого абзаца)
7. Ответьтенавопросы письменно:
1. What did the discovery of the hole in the ozone layer show?
2. Why did the hole in the ozone layer appear?
3. What can ultraviolet radiation damage?
4. What caused the damage of ozone?
2) How are CFCs produced?
3) Why do CFCs become reactive and damage the ozone layer?
4) What does greenhouse effect contribute to?
5) What is the essence of the Montreal Protocol signed in 1987?
6) How long can it take to close up the ozone hole in the atmosphere?
8. Выпишите предложения из текста, содержащие данные глаголы.
1. to occur
2. to absorb
4. to affect
5. to enclose
6. to destroy
7. to contribute
8. to increase
10. to protect
11. to decrease
